1.  Ashton Carter 阿什頓·卡特
  2. 阿什頓·卡特,美國政府官員,2011年10月6日至今擔任美國國防部副部長。2009年4月27日至2011年10月5日,曾擔任美國國防部採購、技術和後勤副部長。。 維基百科
  3. 出生: 1954 年 9 月 24 日(60 歲),賓夕法尼亞州費城
  4. 過去任職: 美國國防部副部長 (2011 年–2013 年)
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WASHINGTON (AP) -- Shaking up his Pentagon leadership, President Barack Obama tapped policy wonk Ashton Carter to oversee the sprawling Defense Department Friday, heralding his new nominee as one the nation's "foremost national security leaders."
Obama announced Carter's nomination during a ceremony at the White House. A Pentagon veteran who is seen as a centrist, Carter is expected to be easily confirmed by the Senate, putting him at the helm of a department moving back into military conflict in the Middle East even as it grapples with budget cuts.
In discussing the Pentagon post with Carter, Obama said he emphasized the need "to make smart choices, precisely because there are so many challenges out there."
Carter, a widely respected physicist and academic, has won praise from some Republicans, suggesting he'll face a smooth Senate confirmation. Carter would replace Chuck Hagel, who resigned under pressure last week after a bumpy tenure.
Hagel did not attend Friday's event. A defense official said the outgoing secretary did not want to distract from Carter's nomination, though the two men did speak by phone Friday morning.
The leadership shakeup at the Pentagon marks the only major change Obama has made to his national security team during his second term.
While White House officials haven't fully ruled out other changes, Obama appears highly unlikely to replace national security adviser Susan Rice or White House chief of staff Denis McDonough, who plays a significant role in foreign policy decision-making.
The level of control the White House has exerted over the Pentagon in particular has rankled those who have held the agency's top job before Carter. Former Defense Secretaries Robert Gates and Leon Panetta have both spoken extensively about what they saw as White House micromanagement and meddling in Pentagon affairs.
In brief remarks Friday, Carter signaled that he would not shy from expressing his opinion in his new role.
"If confirmed in this job, I pledge to you my most candid strategic advice," he said to Obama.
While the White House has denied that it has negatively interfered with the Pentagon, officials made clear this week that Obama had no plans to loosen his reins on the Defense Department.
"The president of the United States is the commander in chief and sits at the top of the chain of command," Obama spokesman Josh Earnest said. "That means the president bears significant responsibility for what happens at the Pentagon and the Department of Defense."
Nebraska Sen. Deb Fischer, a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, was among the Republicans who praised Carter's nomination, while also taking issue with Obama's national security strategy and decision-making.
Fischer said that while Carter "brings to the position impressive experience," she remains concerned that "the administration continues to lack a coherent strategy to counter an array of global crises."
Sen. John McCain, R-Ariz., a fierce critic of Obama's foreign policy, also praised Carter, but said he hoped the new nominee "fully understands that, as previous secretaries of defense have strongly attested, he will likely have limited influence over the tight circle around the president, which apparently controls the entire strategic decision-making process."
Carter has extensive experience in the national security arena. He held the No. 2 job at the Pentagon from October 2011 to December 2013 and also served as the Defense Department's technology and weapons-buying chief during the opening years of Obama's presidency.
During the administration of President Bill Clinton, Carter was assistant secretary of defense for international security policy.
Beyond his Pentagon experience, Carter is known for his stellar academic credentials. He has bachelor's degrees in physics and medieval history from Yale University and received his doctorate in theoretical physics from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar. He has served on the advisory boards of MIT's Lincoln Laboratories and the Draper Laboratory. He has extensive knowledge of the inner workings of the U.S. nuclear arsenal.
"I like dusty archives, learning to decipher manuscripts in medieval script, and learning all the languages necessary to read the primary and secondary historical literature, especially Latin," he wrote a 2007 autobiographical sketch published by Harvard University when he was on the faculty of the Kennedy School of Government.
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AP writers Robert Burns and Lolita C. Baldor contributed to this report.
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米 次期国防長官にカーター氏

12月6日 4時43分
アメリカのオバマ大統領は事実上の更迭と受け止められたヘーゲル国防長官の後任に、実務経験が豊富で、国防副長官を務めたカーター氏を指名し、安全保障の人事体制を立て直し、イスラム過激派組織「イスラム国」などへの対応に取り組む構えです。
オバマ大統領は5日、ホワイトハウスで、国防副長官を務めたアシュトン・カーター氏を次の国防長官に指名すると発表しました。
カーター氏は60歳。
去年12月まで国防総省のナンバー2の副長官として、厳しい財政状況が続くなか、国防費の削減を取り仕切りました。
カーター氏の起用についてオバマ大統領は、「30年以上、公務に関わり、安全保障分野の第一人者として評価に値する」と述べ、カーター氏の長年の実務経験を生かして今月末までに予定するアフガニスタンの戦闘部隊の撤退や、イスラム過激派組織「イスラム国」への軍事作戦など重要課題に取り組む姿勢を強調しました。
先月辞任を表明したヘーゲル国防長官を巡っては、先の中間選挙で「イスラム国」への対応など安全保障政策に批判が高まり、ホワイトハウスと国防総省との間で意見の違いがあったとも指摘されたことから、オバマ大統領が人事の刷新を図った事実上の更迭と受け止められていました。
カーター氏は、今後、議会上院での承認を得られれば、オバマ政権で4人目となる国防長官に正式に就任することになります。

カーター氏指名を議会は歓迎の声

カーター氏の指名について、議会上院の与党・民主党、レビン軍事委員長は5日、声明を発表し、「カーター氏は経験豊富であり、すばらしい長官になるだろう。速やかに議会で承認されることを支持する」と述べるなど歓迎する声が上がっています。
また、オバマ政権の安全保障政策に厳しい姿勢を示し、軍事委員会に所属する野党・共和党の重鎮、マケイン上院議員も「カーター氏は非常に有能であり、彼とは多くの課題で緊密に連携してきた。来年行われる承認に向けた議会の公聴会を楽しみにしている」と述べ、評価する姿勢を示しました。
一方、マケイン議員は「これまでの国防長官も証言してきたようにオバマ大統領はホワイトハウスの身内だけで安全保障の戦略を決めてしまっており、カーター氏も影響力が限られてしまうだろう。次の国防長官にとって深刻な課題だ」と述べ、ホワイトハウスの安全保障政策への関わりについて批判しました。
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